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Dhaga ne ShonaScript

Apa ndopauchaona kunyora code kwave kuita kunge magic, saka gadzirira.

Box ne Bhatani#

Tave kudzokera ku box ne bhatani. Taona kuti bhatani ne box zvinogadzirwa sei kumashure, asi ma bhatani edu anga asingashande nekuti haana kupihwa zvekuita zvacho kana munhu achinge amabaya. Taakuda kuumba zvinhu izvi:

  1. box re green
  2. bhatani rekutanga rekuti munhu akabaya, box rinochinja kuita red
  3. bhatani rechi 2 rekuti munhu akabaya, box rinochinja kuita green Tikuda kuedza kuteedzera zvinoita traffic light muroad richimisa mota

Kuti Uzoudza ShonaScript zvekuita nema box, kana munhu achinge abaya ma bhatani unofana kupa zvinhu zvese izvi mazita kunge mavariables. Panguva ino unotarisirwa kunge uchiziva kuti mavariables anobvumidzwa akaita sei sezvakatsanangurwa mu ShonaScript. Saka tichapa mazita aya:

  • box - boxOne
  • bhatani rekutanga - btOne
  • bhatani rechi 2 - btTwo

zita racho rinongonyorwa pamberi pe chinhu chacho sokuti:

box boxOne:;

Tichabva taudza shonascript kuti kana munhu abaya bhatani rekutanga btOne, chinja color ye boxOne kuita green. Pakubayawo bhatani btTwo, chinja color ye boxOne kuita red

Unoshandisa shonascript mudhaga seizvi:

shonascript{
}

Izvi ndizvo zvinoratidza kuti waakuisa shonascript ichashanda ne Dhaga iri muma brackets ayo.

chii chikuitika apa
  • Tagadzira box rine kf-10, kr-10, tobva tabvisa makona na kn-10
  • Tagadzira mabhatani 2 re green richazoita kuti box richinje kuita green, nere red richazoita kuti box richinje kuita red
  • Tanyora ShonaScript inoita kuti kana munhu abaya btOne, box riite green, asi kana abayawo btTwo, box riite red

ShonaScript yashanda apa

ShonaScript yatiri kushandisa apa ndiyo yekare, asi yakawedzerwa zvimwe zvinhu zvinoita kuti ugone kuishandisa ne Dhaga. Ngatitarise ShonaScript yatashandisa apa.

pakubaya btOne {
}

Apa tinenge tichiudza ShonaScript kuti pakubayiwa kwa btOne, ita izvi zviri muma brackets

pakubaya btOne {    pa boxOne chinja c kuita "red"}

Apa tikudza ShonaScript kuti kana munhu abaya btOne, enda pana boxOne, obva wachinja c, apa c ndiyo color iye ye box, kuita red. Ukasaisa ma quotes pana red, ShonaScript ichafunga kuti red wacho ivariable, saka ichaedza kutsvaga kuti variable yacho yambogadzirwa here mu shonascript. Kana variable iyi isina kumbogadzirwa, unoudzwa kuti paita problem.

Zvimwe Zvaunogona kuchinja#

Pamusoro apa tangochinja color tichishandisa c Unogona kuchinjawo izvi:

ChekuchinjaMuenzaniso
c - colorpa boxOne chinja c kuita "red"
ms - mashokopa boxOne chinja ms kuita "Zita rako"
kn - konapa boxOne chinja kn kuita 4
kf - kufara(width)pa boxOne chinja kf kuita 2
kr - kureba(length)pa boxOne chinja kr kuita 3
ms-c - color yemashokopa boxOne chinja ms-c kuita "purple"
v - viga boxpa boxOne chinja v kuita "hongu" kana kuti pa boxOne chinja v kuita "kwete"

Chine basa apa kuziva zvaukuda kuchinja pa box rako, hazvireve kuti unofana kuchinja zvinhu zvese zvepa box

Kutora zvinhu zvebox#

Taona kuti unogona kuchinja zvinhu zvepa box kana zviri mukati macho uchishandisa 

pa boxOne chinja c kuita "red"

Unogona kunge uchida kuona kuti c wacho wepa box ndiani. Apa unenge uchiedza kumutora c iyeye woita zvaunoda naye, seizvi

pakubaya btOne{    x = pa boxOne tora c    nyora(x)}

Apa tatora c pa boxOne tichishandisa pa boxOne tora c, tobva tagadzira variable yacho yezvatinowana ipapo. Pazasi pacho tazotuma shonascript kuti ichinyora variable iyi

chii chikutika apa
  • Tabvisa btTwo kubva mu Dhaga
  • Mu ShonaScript, tashandisa pa boxOne tora c kuti titore color, tobva tagadzira variable inonzi x ye color iyoyo
  • Tashandisa nyora(x) kunyora variable x yagadzirwa pa line 11
  • Nyora anoburitsa box rakanyorwa zvinhu zvacho zvawatuma ShonaScript kuti ikunyorere, saka apa pabuda oakanzi green, zvechokwadiwo, boxOne wedu tamupa c-green mu Dhaga

Kutora zviri mu box#

Unokwanisa kutora mashoko arimubox rinonzi boxOne uchishandisa ms seizvi:

pa boxOne tora ms

Kana mubox muinewo nhamba chete pasina chimwe chinhu, unoitora nhamba iyoyo uchishandisa nm seizvi:

pa boxOne tora nm

Musiyano uri pakati pemashoko nenhamba ndewekuti mashoko haakwanise kusanganiswa sezvinoita ma nhamba sokuti 1+1 inokupa 2 Ukaedza kusanganisa mashoko sokuti 

"panashe" + "muriro"

panobuda panashe muriro, mashoko aya haana kusanganisw, asi abatanidzwa, saka ndiwo musiyano uripo

Saka izvi zvinoreva kuti ukaenda mu shonascript ukanyora

"2"+"2"

panobuda 22, hazvisi kureva maths yekuti kuti 2+2 inoburitsa 22, asi zvikureva kuti mashoko ekuti "2" na "2" vabatanidzwa kuita 22

Izvi zvakakosha kunzwisisa nekuti kana uine nhamba mu box sokuti

box boxOne:23;

obva waudza ShonaScript kuti tora mashoko arimu box uchishandisa

x = pa boxOne tora ms

ShonaScript inokupa x ari "23" apa, zvichireva kuti ukazoedza kuda kusanganisa x uye ne imwe nhamba sokuti 20 ShonaScript inotarisa zvinhu izvi sokuti

"23"+20

Nekuti ukuda kuedza kusanganisa mashoko ne nhamba, ShonaScript ichangobatanidza zvinhu izvi kuita 23 20 nekuti haukwanise kusanganisa mashoko ne nhamba

Chitarisa zvikutika apa

chii chikuitika apa
  • Tatora mashoko arimuboxOne tichishandisa ms.
    • Nhamba 23 irimo mu boxOne ichaonekwa semashoko kuti "23"
  • Taedza kusanganisa mashoko aya ne nhamba 20, tobva tagadzira variable inonzi y, yatichazonyora kuti tione kuti zvii zvaitika
  • Pabuda 23 20, saka apa hapana kusanganiswa ma mashoko ne nhamba, asi zvabatanidzwa
chii chikuitika apa
  • Tatora nhamba irimuboxOne tichishandisa nm.
  • Tasanganisa nhamba iyi neimwe nhamba, izvi zvnosanganisika
  • Panobuda 43 nekuti ndiyo 20 + 23

Chinonzi Website ne Web Application#

Kumashure uku tanga tichinyanya kutaura kuti website. Apa nekuti taakushandisa ma bhatani tichiita kuti munhu abaye achichinja zvinhu, tinenge tichigadzira inonzi web application. Musiyano uripo pakati pe website ne web application ndewekuti website inonyanya kunge iri yekuverenga zvinhu pasina zvakawanda wanda zvekubaya kana kuchinja, asi web application inoita mabhatani akawanda uye pane kuchinja chinja kunenge kuchiitika ipapo. Kana ukaenda pa google wotanga kushandisa application yeShonaScript, unenge uchishandisa web application ipapo. Whatsapp haisi web application, itongori application yemuphone chaiyo. Makhambani anoshandisa ma website kuti vaudze vanhu basa ravanoita uye kuti kuratidza ma picture ebasa ravo.

Web application yakaoma kugadzira kupfuura website.

Ukaona uchinyora code ye Dhaga pasina ShonaScript, unobva waziva kuti ukugadzira website. Ukazotanga kunyora ShonaScript mu Dhaga, unobva waziva kuti ukugadzira web application

Zvekuita

Gadzira web application ine zvinhu izvi:

  1. Box rine:
    • zita rekuti boxOne
    • kf-10
    • kr-10
    • mashoko ari pakati
    • mashoko akakura ms-sz-4
    • mashoko akakora ms-uk-4
    • color ye box yaunoda
    • color yemashoko yaunoda
  2. Bhatani rine:
    • icon ye yekubvisa minus➖
    • zita rekuti btOne
  3. Bhatani rine
    • icon yekusanganisa plus✖️
    • zita rekuti btTwo
  4. ShonaScript:
    • pakubaya btOne

Ukabaya bhatani rine -, unofana kuona nhamba iri mu boxOne ichiita idiki. Ukabayawo + inofana kuita ihombe

Kuisa mashoko kubva mulist#

Ngatimboti une list mu shonascript, ukuda kuona zvinhu izvi zviri mulist pa application yako, unongoshandisa ms zvekare kuita izvi. 

box boxOne:;
shonascript{vanhu = ["Tadiwa", "Rumbi", "Kudzi"];pa boxOne chinja ms kuita vanhu}
chii chikuitika apa
  • Tagadzira box rinonzi boxOne
  • Tashandisa shonascript kuichinja zviri mubox kuita zvinhu zvese zviri mu list
    • zvinhu zviri mulist zvinorongwa zvichidzika sezvikuoneka pa picture iyi

Teerera mhinduro#

Unoshandisa teerera mhinduro kana uchida kuti munhu anyore mashoko mu application yako. Kuti uzotore zvinhu zvinenge zvanyorwa nemunhu mubox re teerera munduro unongohsnadisa tora ms sezvatanga tichiita pa box.

Zvekuita

Tikuda kugadzira zvinhu izvi:

  1. box rine:
  • kf-10
  • kr-10
  • color chero yatinofarira
  • zita rekuti boxOne
  1. teerera mhinduro tm ane:
  • kf-10
  • color chero yatinofarira
  • zita rekuti tmOne
  1. bhatani rine:
  • mashoko ekuti chinja color
  • kf-3
  • kn-2
  • zita rekuti btOne
  1. shonascript
  • pakubaya btOne
  • pa tmOne tora ms
  • gadzira variable ye pa tmOne tora ms
  • pa boxOne chinja c kuita color inenge yanyorwa nemunhu mu tmOne

Kana ukanyora color mu tmOne umo wobaya bhatani, uchaona kuti boxOne achachinja color. Unogona kunyora ma color anotanga na # aye arikumberi kwebhuku zvekare.

Zvekuita

Taakudzokera ku topic ye ma list yeku shonascript. Kuti unzwisise list zvekare, pakatsanangurwa kuti iwewe kana uchinge uchida kunotenga zvinhu, wobva wanyora pasi zvinhu zvacho, unenge uchinyora list. Tikuda kugadzira aplication ine list ratichange tichiisa zvinhu zvatiri kuda kunotenga pamusika. Chakakosha kuziva kuti tichashandisa chii kugadzira application iyi. Izvi ndizvo zvatichashandisa:

  1. box rekutanga rine:
  • kf-10
  • kr-2
  • mashoko ekuti Shopping List, kana kuti zvimwe zvaunoda kunyora
  • unogona kuchinja color yemashoko ne box racho kuita ma color aunofarira
  • Hatisi kuda kuchinja chinhu ne shonascript pa box iri, saka usaripe zita
  1. box rechi 2 rine:
  • zita rekuti bxOne
  • kf-10
  • kr-10
  • color yaunoda, tichatsvaga color yakarerekera ku white
  1. teerera mhinduro ine:
  • zita rekuti tmOne
  • color yakarerekera ku white
  • kf-10
  • kr-10
  1. bhatani rine:
  • zita rekuti btOne
  • color yaunoda
  • icon ye kusanganisa (plus)✖️
  • kf-2
  • kf-2
  • kn-10
  1. ShonaScript:
  • Munhu achatanga anyora zvaari kuda kunotenga pamusika
  • gadzira list rako, asi usaise chinhu - zvinhu = []
  • pakubaya btOne
    • pa tmOne tora ms anyorwa ne munhu
    • gadzira variable yemashoko aya - x = pa tmOne tora ms
    • chiisa variable iyi mu - zvinhu.isa(x)
    • chinja mashoko arimu boxOne kuita zvhinhu - pa boxOne chinja ms kuita zvinhu

Ukanyora zvinhu mu tmOne wobaya bhatani btOne, unoona kuti zvawanyora zvave mu box. Izvi zvinotika nekuti list rako rezvinhu rawagadzira rawedzerwa nechinhu chawanyora mu tmOne.

Zvekuita

Chiisa rimwe bhatani rekuti kana munhu anyora mu tmOne, anobva abvisa zvaanyora izvozvo mulist re zvinhu riye.

Kugadzira box ne ShonaScript#

Ngatimboti ukuda kugadzira mabox akafanana ari 10, unogona kutongogadzira mabox aya ari 10 mu dhaga seizvi:

box:;box:;box:;box:;box:;box:;box:;box:;box:;box:;

Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana ichida kugadzira 1000 mabox akafanana, unenge waakufana kunyora maline akawandisa e code ye Dhaga. Ukaenda mu whatsapp, unoona kuti pamunhu wega wega waunotaura naye, panenge paine picture, zita, ne message yapedzisira kutumirwa kana kuti kusvika. Aya angori ma box akafanana asi obva azongosiyana zviri mukati mawo, zvinoti: picture,zita ne message.

Ngatimboti ukuda kugadzira mabox 5 ane mazita aya "Taku", "Sandra","Ruvimbo", "Tatenda", "Danai". Tichatarisa nzira 2 dzaunogona kushandisa kuti zviitike

1. Kushandisa Dhaga chete#

chii chikuitika apa
  • Taumba mabox 5 aya tichiumba box rimwe ne rimwe ne Dhaga
  • Kana tchida kuumba ma box 1000, zvinoreva kuti tinenge tichifana kutonyora ma line e Dhaga anopfuura 1000, maline aya akawandisa uye tinenge tichizvipa basa rakawanda kana tikada kushandisa nizra iyi

2. Kushandisa ShonaScript ne Dhaga#

chii chikutika apa
  • Taumba box rekubata nzvimbo mu Dhaga rinonzi boxTwo.
    • box rekubata nzvimbo rakangofanana ne hembe dzaunoona dzakapfekedzwa zvidhori mu shop ye hembe.
    • Hembe idzi dzinenge dziri dzekuti vanhu vaone kuti dzinobuda sei kana dzapfekwa, asi panozoita dzimwe dzakangofana dzinenge dzichitengeswa.
    • MuboxTwo taisa variable inonzi zita-ss, izvi zvinoreva kuti variable iyi inonzi zita, asi ichabva ku ShonaScript.
  • Taumba box rekutanga rinonzi boxOne, umu ndimo matichazoisa ma box atichaumba tichishandisa boxTwo muShonaScript.

Mu ShonaScript:

  • Tagadzira list revanhu ["Taku", "Sandra","Ruvimbo", "Tatenda", "Danai"]
  • Tapinda mulist tichishandisa pane munhu nu vanhu
  • Tichinge tapinda mu list tiri pane munhu wekutanga, Taku, tichaita izvi:
    • Tichatora boxTwo rekubata nzvimbo riye togadzira variable ~ x = pa boxTwo tora box
    • Tichinge tave naro, tichachinja variable iya inonzi zita yoita munhu arimu list tichiti ss-zita-x, izvi zvinoreva kuti ShonaScript ngaichitora variable iya inonzi zita yepa x, x ndiro boxTwo ratagadzira pamusoro.
    • Saka kana tiri pana Taku, tinenge tave ne box rine mashoko ekuti Taku mukati.
    • Kuti tizoisa box iri pa website, unenge waakufana kuriisa mukati merimwe box, apa boxOne ndiro ratagadzira richapinda ma box arikubva kuShonaScript
    • x ave box rine mashoko ekuti Taku mukati, kuti tiriise mukati me rimwe box riri mu Dhaga, tinenge tave kushandisa pa boxOne wedzera box ne x
    • Apa hatisikuchinja zviri mu boxOne, asi kuti tiri kuda kuwedzera pane zviri mubox imomo
      • Chimboedza kufunga kuti chii chinoitika kana ukshandisa pa boxOne chinja box kuita x
    • Tikabva pana Taku taakuenda pana Sandra, tichatora boxTwo riya rekubata nzvimbo zvekare, tongoita sezvataita pekutanga, zvichingodaro
    • Uchaoona kuti ma box 5 anogadzirika.
Zvekuita
  • Enda mu list revanhu mu ShonaScript, chiwedzera mazita evanhu nemamwe aunoda
  • Chitarisa kuti panobuda ma box mangani

Apa taona kuti mashoko arimubox ragadzirwa ne ShonaScript anochinjwa sei, unogonawo kuchinja mamiriro ebox uchishandisa nzira iyi. Ngatimboti une list rema color, ["red","yellow","blue","purple","black"], unogona kugadzira mabox ane ma color aya uchishandisa ShonaScript sezvatongoita pamusoro apa.

chii chikuitika apa
  • Tine boxTwo, asi color ye box iri tikuda kuti ibve ku ShonaScript, saka taisa c-ss, pane kuti c-red. Izvi zvinoreva kuti c acabva kuShonaScript. Mu ShonaScript:
  • Tazoti ss-c-x = color zvichireva kuti ShonaScript ngaichichinja c uye wepa box ratatora x kuita color irikubva mu list.
Kushandisa bhegi
  • Unogona kuda kuchinja color zvese nemashoko arimukati, sokuti ukuda kuti box rakanyorwa kuti Taku, riite red, ozoda kuti box rakanyorwa kuti Sandra riite purple.
  • Izvi zvinokwanisika uchishandisa chinonzi bhegi mu ShonaScript

Chii chinonzi bhegi?#

Kuti unzwisise chinonzi bhegi mu ShonaScript, ngatimboti iwewe une list remazita ezvinhu seizvi:

zvinhu = ["madomasi", "zumbani","mango"]

Dambudziko riripo pa list rakadai nderekuti ungorine nemazita ezvinhu zvaukuda kunotenga pamusika chete pasina zvimwe. Ngatimboti iwewe ukuda kuti list rako riratidze mari inokwana kutenga chinhu chimwe nechimwe chiri mu list rako sokuti:

madomasi anoita $3zumbani rinoita $1mango dzinoita $2

Kana ukada kushandisa list remashoko, zvinonetsa kuti uronge zvinhu izvi nemari yazvo. Apa ndipo panoshanda bhegi. Bhegi ririkutaurwa nezvaro apa ndiwo mabhegi aunoziva. Chine basa kuziva apa ndechekuti bhegi rine homwe. Bhegi rinogona kuita homwe dzakasiyana siyana, dzepakati, dzepaside, dzekunze zvichingodaro. Isusu kana tichifunga nezvebhegi, tiri kuda kupa homwe dzebhegi mazita akasiyana siyana sokuti tichapa imwe homwe dzebhegi redu mazita ekuti zita ne mari. Muhomwe inonzi zita, tichaisa zita rechinhu chikuda kunotengwa chacho, tozoisa mari ichashandiswa mu homwe inonzi mari.

Unoita izvi muShonaScript sokudai:

{"zita": "madomasi", "mari": 3}

Uku ndiko kutogadzira bhegi rine homwe yekutanga inonzi zita ine zita rechinhu chikuda kutengwa, yozoita imwe homwe inonzi mari ine nhamba yamari yacho ichashandiswa. Kana waakuda kuona zviri muhomwe inonzi zita, unotanga wagadzira variable ye bhegi iri seizvi:

x = {"zita": "madomasi", "mari": 3}

Apa tiri kuti x ndiro bhegi redu ratagadzira, tinovhura homwe inonzi zita seizvi:

x["zita"]

Kuti tione kuti chiinobuda kana tavhura homwe iyi, tinenge tave kugadzira variable yatinozonyora kuti tione kuti zvii zvikuitika. Taakudzokera ku ShonaScript

chii chikuitika apa
  • Apa tadzokera ku ShonaScript
    • baya bhatani riri pazasi pe screen ku right, woenda pakanzi ShonaScript
  • Tagadzira bhegi rinonzi x rine homwe inonzi zita ine "madomasi", ne imwe homwe inonzi mari ine 3
  • Tavhura homwe inonzi zita, tobva tagadzira variable yezvinhu izvi inonzi y
  • Tavhura homwe inonzi mari, tobva tagadzira variable yezvinhu izvi inonzi z
  • Tanyora ma variables aya kuti tione kuti zvii zvinobuda
    • y aburitsa "madomasi" ndiyo homwe yezita yatavhura ne x["zita"]
    • z aburitsa 3 ndiyo homwe yezita yatavhura ne x["mari"]

Saka pane kuti uve ne list remashoko, unogona kuva ne list remabhegi sokuti:

zvinhu = [    {"zita": "madomasi", "mari": 3},    {"zita": "zumbani", "mari":1},    {"zita": "mango", "mari": 2}]

Kana uine list rakadai, unogona kupinda mariri uchishandisa pane chinhu mu zvinhu sokuti:

pane chinhu mu zvinhu{
}

Apa chine basa kunzwisisa ndechekuti kana wapinda mu list iri ne variable inonzi chinhu, variable ichange ichichinja kuita bhegi kusvika wabuda. Kana uri pane chinhu chekutanga, chinhu anoita chinhu = {"zita": "madomasi", "mari": 3}, saka kana waakuda kuona kuti pabude zvinhu zviri muhomwe inonzi "zita", unenge waakuvhura homwe seizvi chinhu["zita"].

chii chikuitika apa
  • Tagadzira list rezvinhu zvatikuda kunotenga
  • Tapinda mu list ne variable inzonzi chinhu -pane chinhu mu zvinhu
  • Tanyora chinhu pa line 7 kuti tione kuti panobuda chii
    • apa pabuda bhegi rine homwe ne zviri muhomwe macho sokuti {"zita": "madomasi", "mari": 3}
  • Tavhura homwe inonzi zita tichishandisa chinhu["zita"], tobva tagadzira variable inonzi x yatazonyora paline 9

Taakuda kudzokera ku Dhaga tonoshandisa list re bhegi kuchinja mashoko ne color

Zvekuita
  • Wakapihwa list rema bhegi rakadai:
zvinhu = [    {"zita": "Taku", "color": "red"},    {"zita": "Sandra", "color": "blue"},    {"zita": "Ruvimbo", "color": "green"},    ]
  • Gadzira box rinonzi boxOne richapinda ma box achabva kuShonaScript
  • Gadzira rimwe box pazasi rinonzi boxTwo mudhaga, rine c-ss, ne mashoko mukati ekuti zita-ss zvichabva ku ShonaScript sezvatamboita kumashure Mu ShonaScript
  • gadzira variable inonzi x yoita boxTwo seizvi:
x = pa boxTwo tora box
  • pinda mu list remabhegi, zvinhu, nevariable inonzi chinhu seizvi
pane chinhu mu zvinhu{
}
  • vhura homwe inonzi zita, ochinja variable iya yabva ku Dhaga inzonzi zita-ss yepabox ratatora kuita
ss-zita-x = chinhu["zita"]
  • Ita izvi kuchinja color
ss-c-x = chinhu["color"]
  • chiwedzera box iri mu boxOne